Una lectura de Esperando a Godot y Fin de partida a través de la melancolía

Con la lectura de Esperando a Godot (1953) y Fin de partida (1957) a través del concepto freudiano de la melancolía, el presente artículo pretende demostrar a partir de qué mecanismos el teatro de Beckett queda legitimado. En un momento post-catástrofe en que la palabra parece haber quedado desprovista de sentido, Beckett encuentra la fórmula para crear dramas sin que estos sean vanos, y es a partir del análisis de elementos como el tiempo, el espacio y la memoria que la estructura de su teatro queda al descubierto y eso que había sido denominado teatro del absurdo pasa a llenarse de significados auténticos. By reading Waiting for Godot (1953) and Endgame (1957) through the Freudian concept of melancholy, this article is an attempt to examine the mechanisms that legitimate Beckett’s theatre. In a post-catastrophe scenery where the word seems to have been devoid of meaning, Beckett finds the formula to create dramas without these being vain, and it is through the analysis of elements such as time, space and memory that the structure of his theater is exposed. Thus what was denominated as Theatre of the Absurd becomes filled with authentic meaning

Long living carriers in a strong electron-phonon interacting two-dimensional doped semiconductor

Carrier doping by the electric field effect has emerged recently as an ideal route for monitoring many-body physics in two-dimensional (2D) materials where the Fermi level is tuned in a way that -- indirectly -- the strength of the interactions can also be scanned. The possibility of systematic doping in combination with high resolution photoemission has allowed to uncover a genuinely many-body electron spectrum in single-layer MoS2 transition metal dichalcogenide, resolving three clear quasi-particle states, where only one state should be expected if the electron-phonon interaction vanished. Our analysis combines first-principles and consistent complex plane analytic approaches and brings into light the presence and the physical origin of two gaps and the three quasi-particle bands which are unambiguously present in the photoemission spectrum. One of these states, though being strongly interacting with the accompanying virtual phonon cloud, presents a notably long lifetime which is an appealing property when trying to understand and take advantage of many-body interactions to modulate the transport properties.Comment: Editorially accepted for publication in "Communications Physics" (14 pages, 3 figures

Fueling Plankton Production By a Meandering Frontal Jet: A Case Study For The Alboran Sea (Western Mediterranean)

A three dimensional biophysical model is employed to investigate the biological impacts of a meandering frontal jet for which the Alboran Sea of the Western Mediterranean is considered as a case study. The jet is characterized by relatively low density Atlantic water mass issuing from the Gibraltar Strait within the upper 100 m. It flows eastward as a highly nonlinear meandering current around the western and the eastern anticyclonic gyres prior to its attachment to the North African shelf/slope topography of the Algerian basin. Its inherent nonlinearity leads to the development of strong ageostrophic cross-frontal circulation that supplies nutrients into the nutrient-starved euphotic layer and stimulates an effective phytoplankton growth along the jet. The production intensity is strongest in the western basin and decreases eastwards with the gradual weakening of the jet. The stronger production intensity at the subsurface levels suggests the Alboran Sea is likely more productive than envisaged by the satellite chlorophyll data. The Mediterranean water mass away from the jet as well as the interior of the western and eastern anticyclonic gyres remain poorly productive.JRC.H.1-Water Resource

Sea Level in the Strait of Gibraltar: Tides

A network of tide gauges with eight observation recording points was in operation in the Strait of Gibraltar during the years 1984 and 1985, which made it possible to draw up detailed charts of the tides showing their refined structure. For the first order, the Strait of Gibraltar represents the nodal line of the stationary wave of the western Mediterranean, which, hypothetically, would end at the Cadiz meridian (6°17.0W). The tide is basically semi-diurnal; on average, 90% of the energy is associated with the second order and, for this, the Strait of Gibraltar tends to represent an antinode of the stationary wave, although the influence of the bottom topography and the rotation is interpreted in phase delays in the sill area (slightly progressive wave) and in increased non-linear constituents of higher orders. The radiational tide S is evaluated in the area studied and it is ascertained that it shows the same characteristics as the tides having strictly gravitational constituents, which implies that it is fundamentally co-oscillating. Order 4 displays characteristics of resonant amplification due to the existence of the free oscillation mode of the western Mediterranean basin the period of which is close to 6 hours. Of order 3 it should be stressed that M3, though small, is perfectly detectable in the area

Free ion diffusivity and charge concentration on cross-linked Polymeric Ionic Liquid iongels films based on sulfonated zwitterion salts and Lithium ions

[EN] The properties of various mixtures of a zwitterionic ionic liquid (ZIs-1) and LiNTf 2, including their conductivity, have been studied showing how they can be adjusted through their molar composition. Conductivity tends to increase with the LiNTf2 content although it presents a minimum at the region close to the eutectic point. These mixtures also provide excellent features as liquid phases for the preparation of composite materials based on crosslinked PILs. The prepared films display excellent and tuneable properties as conducting materials, with conductivities that can be higher than 10 2 S cm 1 above 100 1C. The selected polymeric compositions show very good mechanical properties and thermal stability, even for low crosslinking degrees, along with a suitable flexibility and good transparency. The final properties of the films correlate with the composition of the monomeric mixture used and with that of the ZIs-1:LiNTf2 mixture.Financial support has been provided by MINECO (ENE/2015-69203-R and RTI2018-098233-B-C22) and Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2016/071). Technical support from the SECIC of the UJI is also acknowledged. DV thanks UNED (Costa Rica) for a predoctoral fellowship.Valverde, D.; Garcia Bernabe, A.; Andrio Balado, A.; Garcia-Verdugo, E.; Luis Lafuente, S.; Compañ Moreno, V. (2019). Free ion diffusivity and charge concentration on cross-linked Polymeric Ionic Liquid iongels films based on sulfonated zwitterion salts and Lithium ions. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 21(32):17923-17932. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp01903kS17923179322132Etacheri, V., Marom, R., Elazari, R., Salitra, G., & Aurbach, D. (2011). Challenges in the development of advanced Li-ion batteries: a review. 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Transport estimates in the Strait of Gibraltar with a tidal inverse model

To estimate the volume transport through the Strait of Gibraltar and to study the spatial structure of the time-variable flow, a varying number of current meter moorings were maintained at the eastern entrance of the strait between October 1994 and April 1998, and was complemented with intensive shipboard measurements during the European Union project Canary Island Azores Gibraltar Experiment (CANIGO). A tidal inverse model is used to merge these data sets in order to investigate the flow at the eastern entrance of the strait. The two-dimensional structure of the tidal flow was described by simple analytical functions. Harmonics with the seven most important tidal frequencies were used as temporal functions. With this model, the tidal currents can be predicted for any time and location at the eastern entrance of the strait, and more than 92% of the variance of the lower layer flow is explained. It was used to remove the tidal currents from the individual measurements and to calculate the mean flow through the strait from the residuals. Combined with a similar inverse model for determining the depth of the interface between Mediterranean and Atlantic water, the volume transport was estimated to be 0.81 ± 0.07 Sv for the upper layer and −0.76 ± 0.07 Sv for the lower layer. The correlation of the tidal currents and the fluctuations of the interface accounts for ∼7% of the transport at the eastern entrance

Medical and Surgical Treatment for Overactive Bladder

In this chapter, we focus on the medical treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome. The treatment of choice of the OAB syndrome is still the anticholinergic therapy, although we must consider β3‐agonists with almost the same evidence. No drug has been shown to be clearly superior to the rest. The use of oxybutynin transdermal should be considered when the side effects due to the oral administration are intolerable. In elderly patients, first efforts should be directed to use non‐drug therapies, such as behavioural therapy. In patients suffering from cognitive dysfunctions, the use of antimuscarinic with caution is recommended. Mirabegron, a β3‐agonist, can be offered, although it should be noted that the long‐term effects are still unknown. The logical second‐line treatment is the intravesical injection of botulinum toxin A, considering its temporary effectiveness and the possibility of retention. In some centres, sacral nerve stimulation may be an option. Surgical treatment should be reserved when conservative therapies fail

Stochastic resonance and noise delayed extinction in a model of two competing species

We study the role of the noise in the dynamics of two competing species. We consider generalized Lotka-Volterra equations in the presence of a multiplicative noise, which models the interaction between the species and the environment. The interaction parameter between the species is a random process which obeys a stochastic differential equation with a generalized bistable potential in the presence of a periodic driving term, which accounts for the environment temperature variation. We find noise-induced periodic oscillations of the species concentrations and stochastic resonance phenomenon. We find also a nonmonotonic behavior of the mean extinction time of one of the two competing species as a function of the additive noise intensity.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, 17 panels. To appear in Physica

A Gentle Introduction to Machine Learning for Chemists: An Undergraduate Workshop Using Python Notebooks for Visualization, Data Processing, Analysis, and Modeling

Machine learning, a subdomain of artificial intelligence, is a widespread technology that is molding how chemists interact with data. Therefore, it is a relevant skill to incorporate into the toolbox of any chemistry student. This work presents a workshop that introduces machine learning for chemistry students based on a set of Python notebooks and assignments. Python, one of the most popular programming languages, is open source, free to use, and has plenty of learning resources. The workshop is designed for students without previous experience in programming, and it aims for a deeper understanding of the complexity of concepts in programming and machine learning. The examples used correspond to real data from physicochemical characterizations of wine, a content that is of interest for students. The contents of the workshop are introduction to Python, basic statistics, data visualization, and dimension reduction, classification, and regression.Fil: Lafuente, Deborah. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Cohen, Brenda. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Fiorini, Guillermo. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Agustin Alejo. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Bringas, Mauro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Morzan, Ezequiel Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Onna, Diego Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentin